How to restore iCloud backup on phone ?

Hey guyssss ! I recently tried to backup everything and then reset my phone and restore a previous backup that I had. Somehow I became unable to log into my iCloud because the only number associated with my iCloud (my phone number) could not be used for verification. So I was using the phone as is factory default. I was just able to sign back in but it did not give me the option to restore a backup. What do I do to restore my backup ?