AirPrint

AirPrint is built into macOS and if your multi-function device is networked and supported by AirPrint the scanner portion will be accessible by Apple's Image Capture. Otherwise, Apple's Image Capture may or may not detect a standalone scanner depending on whether the scanner vendor requires their compatible ICA scanner driver to be installed or not for the detection. That ICA driver is not provided by Apple and it is the scanner vendor's responsibility to make it compatible with the current version of macOS from the specific scanner website.

Failing the first paragraph support for your scanner, the paid, free trial of VueScan Professional may or may not drive the scanner without vendor drivers. Vuescan supports over 7100 scanners and many of these without any vendor (or Apple AirPrint) support. At the bottom of the VueScan page for a supported scanner, they tell you whether the device is supported on macOS without vendor drivers, or if a vendor driver is required.

I see a conflict. Canon released a new IJ Scan Utility Lite v4.01 for Mac on April 10, 2023 in support of the LIDE 400 scanner. The details states that it supports this scanner via AirPrint.

Apple's AirPrint only supports networked compatible devices, but the LIDE 400 cannot be networked out of the box because it only has a USB-C type connection. What that IJ Scan Utility may install is a Canon ICA driver that allows Image Capture or the IJ utility to see the USB connected scanner.

AirPrint are standard device drivers to allow printing wirelessly to compatible printers. AirDrop is part of the OS and files can be sent from either Apple device to the other by using the share button (square with arrow pointing up) in any app. Wifi and Bluetooth must be on both of the devices. You might be talking about a feature called Continuity Camera. This lets you use your phone to capture or scan an image and have it imported into a file you are working on. Here is some more info as well as System Requirements for both features.

System requirements for Continuity on Mac, iPhone, iPad, and Apple Watch - Apple Support

If you have a scanner, you will want to use the Image Capture application in the Applications folder.

Scanner model will help.

Try the directions in this Apple document; Reset the Mac printing system to solve a problem - Apple Support