You phone is fine. This is a common scam that is trying to trick you into believing that there is a problem with your credit card. If you click the link in the message, you won't go to the bank's site, you will go to another site that will ask you to enter personal information so the bad guys can try to use your card.
Rather than click "Decline", it would have been better if you simply deleted the message. By clicking Decline, the bad guys know that you received their email and they will likely try more similar messages to try to trick you.