The iOS/iPadOS native copy feature does not readily support bulk transfer between external storage media devices.
As you have spotted, using native capabilities, you will potentially need to engage in a two stage process to first copy data (photos) to your iPad - and then perform a second copy from the iPad to your external archive (your hard drive).
The are better third-party file manager Apps that can perform both bulk direct transfer between external storage devices - and support in-place editing.
Perhaps consider Stratopherix FileBrowser - Document Manager, or its “pro version” FileBrowser Professional:
https://apps.apple.com/app/filebrowser-document-manager/id364738545
https://apps.apple.com/app/filebrowser-professional/id854618029
You might review the extensive online Manual and help files to determine suitability for your needs.
https://www.stratospherix.com/products/filebrowserprofessional/filebrowser-professional-user-guide.php
You will also need a suitable hub. Speaking of personal experience, the Kingston Nucleum has proven itself to be particularly flexible for connection of USB storage devices - featuring twin USB3.1 Type-A, downstream USB-C and SD/microSD card slots, HDMI, plus a power pass-through USB-C port that can accept +45W from a suitable USB power source.
Otherwise, perhaps consider Kingston, Anker, Hyperdrive and Satechi - although there are many others from which to choose. A Google Search for USB-C Hubs compatible with iPad will find a number of articles and recommendations.
You may find this support page to be helpful with connecting external storage to your iPad:
Connect external storage devices to iPad - Apple Support
You should note that you will almost certainly need to connect your iPad Power Adapter or a portable PowerBank while using external storage, in particular when using an HDD drive. Also be aware that storage media and drives must be formatted as FAT, FAT32 or exFAT (FAT64), with a single data partition.