MacBook Pro 13 (2010)
What OS X version should I download and put it on USB bootable flash to boot MacBook Pro 13 (2010)?
is it possible to do so if all the original disk and its partition have been erased.?
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The latest possible software version is macOS 10.13.6 which you could use for that.
Sadly you cannot create a bootable flash drive on the device once you've erased everything. For that you can use another Mac though.
Here's a guide to creating a bootable flash image:
Create a bootable installer for macOS - Apple Support