Welcome!
I believe sorting in Outlook works the same as Apple Mail; you click a column header to sort by that attribute (name; address; date; subject; etc). Example:

The tiny arrowhead I've indicated with the curved yellow arrow shows which column is selected and the sort order. In Mail mine sorts messages by date received, newest to oldest.
I change the sorting column when I need to clean up emails, just as it sounds you wish to do. Example: I get a number of of status report from the same person several times a week. I usually keep them about a month and then delete any not needed. Clicking on the "From" column groups all her emails together. Very handy
I know older versions of Outlook worked the same way as Apple Mail. However, there are not a lot of Outlook users here so you many need to check the Microsoft forums if that option is not available in current versions of Outlook.