Are you using a VPN App - or have you configured the iPad's VPN using the native VPN Client from iPad settings?
If you are using a third-party VPN App and/or a security App (e.g., Norton), these may been upset by the iPadOS 17 update - resulting in the iPad's internal routing table being disturbed. Try removing these Apps from your iPad - and then perform a forced-restart of your iPad:
Delete apps on your iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch - Apple Support
Force restart iPad (models with Face ID or with Touch ID in the top button)
If your iPad doesn’t have the Home button, do the following:
- Press and quickly release the volume button nearest to the top button.
- Press and quickly release the volume button farthest from the top button.
- Press and hold the top button.
- When the Apple logo appears, release the top button.

Force restart iPad (models with the Home button)
Press and hold the top button and the Home button at the same time. When the Apple logo appears, release both buttons.

After restarting the iPad, you can test AirPrint. If AirPrint is working as expected, you can reinstall the VPN App - and test again.