Hi GoArmy99,
It sounds like you're attempting to set up your replacement iPhone and having an issue entering the alphanumeric passcode. If so, are you seeing an option "Forgot passcode for?" on the screen? If so, when tapping are you presented the option to sign in manually?
If not, do you still have access to your previous iPhone? If so, you could test temporarily changing the passcode to enter on your new iPhone to sign in and continue. moreover, you can test using the code generated by the previously trusted device. Get a verification code and sign in with two-factor authentication
However, if you don't have access and are seeing none of the options as outlined in a previous post here: Alphanumeric Passcode - Apple Community
Reach out to Apple Support directly to report the problem and further assist. Get Support
Best.