Hi madeeha160,
We'd recommend checking if your photos are at iCloud.com on a web browser. Sign in, and then go to the Photos app on the site.
To clarify, you mentioned that you completed a backup prior to transferring your data, is that correct? If so, did you select that backup when restoring your data? Photos are included in backups if iCloud syncing is disabled, so we want to be sure we provide accurate information regarding your data. You can read more about that here: Backup methods for iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch - Apple Support
If the photos are not there, and the original iPhone that had the photos has been erased without a recent backup, those photos would be gone. To prevent anything like this from happening in the future, if you want to keep all your photos in sync across your devices, make sure iCloud Photos is enabled on the devices you want to use.
Take care.