For files that were synchronised with iCloud, you may be able to recover them:
Recover deleted files on iCloud.com - Apple Support
Many Apps (such as the Numbers App) have a Recently Deleted folder. For those that do, you should be able to recover a deleted file.
For files that have been permanently deleted, or for those Apps that do not benefit from a Recently Deleted folder, recovery of deleted files from local storage is not possible. In such circumstances, you must rely upon restoring your data from your iCloud or iTunes backup - or any copies you may have made to external storage.
Always keep backup. Before performing a system software update, it is recommended that you update/refresh your backup. Should disaster strike, you have the means to recover.
How to back up your iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch - Apple Support