This is not something Apple has any control over. Your 12 or 13 year old MacBook Air remains 100% capable of everything it ever did when it was new. More than that actually, since Apple continued to provide software updates for it for six or seven years. Even that is nothing new since that's about as long as Apple has provided support for any of their products, all the way back to 1984 or so.
So what changed? Websites, primarily, and email services that require protocols that were not envisioned back then. In other words if the rest of the world stood still and never updated their websites to host ever-increasing amounts of information-harvesting targeted advertising, then you would have no reason to ask if there are newer browser versions capable of keeping up with those demands. And as I wrote, you don't have to play that game. As I wrote "news" sites are particularly horrible, and I'm not talking just about their ineptitude at actually being sources of information. Nearly as bad are social media websites, followed by banking sites, and the list goes on and on.
The reason for that sorry state of affairs is almost exclusively economic. Website developers are paid for their ability to convince otherwise clueless marketing types and managers of their cleverness. Eye-catching graphics and animations get them bonuses, pay for their expensive toys, and expand their businesses. Those developers use high-end workstations that run rings around consumer desktop machines. Their interest in your old Mac and even most newer ones is practically nil because you are not their customer. You're a nobody. They're already at work developing for hardware that isn't even available to us yet. So it should come as no surprise to you that the rest of us are left in the dust.
Ask yourself what you expected of your Mac way back in 2010 or 2011. Whatever that was, it still does it, but websites and services will always demand more. It's an insatiable beast that will never be satisfied.
By the way, the iPhone 4 was the latest thing when your Mac was new, and they're essentially useless today. Carriers won't support them. 64 bit apps won't work at all. Keep that in mind when characterizing your MBA as "almost useless".