Hello,
I believe I found the answer to my question here: https://www.macworld.com/article/231249/how-to-find-your-filevault-recovery-key-in-macos.html
I'll quote the text that contains the answer just in case you have the same question sooner or later:
"When you first set up FileVault, one of the steps asks you whether you want to use your iCloud account as a way to unlock your disk and reset your macOS account password if you can’t find your recovery key. (In Monterey and earlier, go to System Preferences > Security & Privacy > FileVault; in Ventura or later, go to System Settings > Privacy & Security and scroll down to the FileVault section.)
If you choose iCloud, the recovery key isn’t stored loosely in iCloud Drive or as a file. Instead, it’s tied into behind-the-scenes account information that Apple maintains. It’s fully encrypted in such a way that even Apple doesn’t have access to the unencrypted recovery key data, but Apple can deliver the encrypted recovery key to your Mac if you need to reset your password. You never see the recovery key nor have to enter it in this configuration. (The process is a little involved: Apple describes it in the section “Reset using the Reset Password assistant (FileVault must be on)” in this support document.)
If you choose the other path, where FileVault generates a recovery key and displays it, you need to make sure and write it down or enter it electronically and store it securely in such a way that you’ll have access even when your Mac can’t be booted."
The referenced Apple support document confirms the recovery key is either displayed during the setup of FileVault or stored invisibly in the iCloud (Apple ID) account:
"If you're asked for your FileVault recovery key, enter the long string of letters and numbers you received when you turned on FileVault and chose to create a recovery key instead of allowing your iCloud account (Apple ID) to unlock your disk."
Kind regards,
SJW
