iPhone 13 Pro Lightning Charging Port Not Charging

My iPhone 13 Pro's charging port is no longer charging the phone. I tried the wireless charging and it works. Also, I have examined the lightning port and it's pretty clean with no lint. It has a click feel once the cable is fully inserted.

I am suspecting the lightning cable that was used in the car to charge had gone bad where I can see some wires now separated from the cable. Others are saying it is not common for later models of iPhone (i.e. iPhone 13) and later models to have lightning port and flex charging circuits electrically damaged. The Apple Store is telling me that for a fix, the entire back assembly needs to be replaced and it's going to be around $600.

I am wondering if the charging port flex circuit has some build in fuse or protection circuit (i.e. diode) that might be blown so it's not charging completely? If so, that would be just replacing those fuse or surge protection diodes?