This issue could be related to a variety of factors, including compatibility issues between your iPhone and the car's Bluetooth system, software glitches, or settings misconfigurations.
One potential solution you could try is to reset the network settings on your iPhone. This can sometimes resolve Bluetooth-related issues by clearing out any corrupted network configurations. To do this, go to Settings > General > Reset > Reset Network Settings. Keep in mind that this will reset all network settings on your iPhone, including Wi-Fi passwords and VPN configurations, so you'll need to re-enter them after the reset.
If resetting the network settings doesn't resolve the issue, you may want to try restarting both your iPhone and your car's Bluetooth system. Sometimes, simply power cycling the devices can clear up temporary glitches and restore normal functionality.
Since you mentioned that you're not using CarPlay, it's also worth checking the Bluetooth settings on both your iPhone and your car to ensure that they're configured correctly. Make sure that your iPhone is set to connect to your car's Bluetooth system for audio only, rather than for calls.
If none of these steps resolve the issue, I recommend reaching out to Official Apple Support or the manufacturer of your car's Bluetooth system for further assistance. They may be able to provide more specific guidance or recommend additional based on the make and model of your car and the version of iOS running on your iPhone.