Using the Preview redaction tool on PDFs with vector graphics causes the graphics to change. Lines will disappear, others will close. The graphics in this PDF are LaTeX PGFPlots graphics if that helps.
Good:Bad:
MacBook Pro 13″, macOS 14.4
Redacting those intersection table numbers (which removes them from the PDF) may have also impacted the internal PDF references needed to complete the proper drawing. That is only my speculation and since the Apple product team responsible for Preview development is not reading or participating in these communities, we will never know what is happening internal to that PDF after redaction.
Yours is the first occurrence that I recall when someone redacted in this manner. It may also have to do with how LaTeX constructed the PDF…
If you have access to a proper PDF Editor, see if the redaction of the same PDF table data does not whack the affiliated graph. The free Adobe Acrobat Reader offers a Redact feature that pops a dialog indicating that it requires Acrobat Pro for that capability.
You can share feedback with the macOS Product team including a link to your PDF, but I would not hold my breath that they will respond to your input.
Preview redaction tool breaks PDF vector graphics
