does USB C from iphone 15 to USB B on a printer work?

Hi,

Printing via USB cable would require a printer driver, and (as far as I know) the driver cannot be handled by an iPhone.

The iPhone 15 can be used with a USB-C to Ethernet adapter, though.

Charge and connect with the USB-C connector on your iPhone 15 - Apple Support

There have been reports about wired Internet connections this way.

Apple's AirPrint technology works with wireless (Wi-Fi) or wired (Ethernet) network connections. This means that an AirPrint-supported printer with an Ethernet port can be connected to the same wired network (router) as a Mac computer, without the need for additional drivers/software. Whether something similar would be possible in the case of an iPhone 15 using a USB-C to Ethernet adapter is not known to me (there may be software limitations), but could perhaps be worth investigating.

does USB C from iphone 15 to USB B on a printer work?

No, if you are asking if you can connect a USB printer to the USB port on an iPhone 15....(or the Lightning Port) on earlier iPhones.