If you were using iCloud Photos, and you can reset your password, then you should be able to see any photos that made it to iCloud using the iCloud Web interface. Connecting a new phone to the same Apple ID and using iCloud Photos on it would cause those photos to synchronize onto the new phone.
If you forgot your Apple ID password - Apple Support
https://www.icloud.com/
If you were not using iCloud Photos, you won't see your pictures there. Whether you can get them back will depend on whether you were backing them up some other way (e.g., in backups of the iPhone, by manually importing them to a computer, etc.).
Any copies of photos that were on the shattered phone itself are gone.