Lost my phone 14pro max and I want to erase without having i cloud on it

No, you cannot use the IMEI number to erase an iPhone. Are you saying you didn't set up Find My on your iPhone? If you didn't, that's most unfortunate. Contact your carrier and at least ask them to blacklist the phone.

If you did set up Find my on the phone, read this link --> If your iPhone or iPad is lost or stolen - Apple Support

If Find My wasn't enabled, not much of what is detailed in that link will be of help to you.

No, the IMEI cannot be used erase the phone.

Your carrier might be able to help you locate the phone, but they will need a court order to begin the process since this is normally only used in cases of missing persons.

It sounds like you did not enable Find My on the phone. That takes away any chance of finding the phone online or erasing the phone online.