Did you physically disconnect the drive after it became unmounted, then reconnect it to the computer?
Have you tried rebooting the computer? Or tried accessing the drive while booted into Safe Mode?
How is this external drive being used? Time Machine backup drive, or a backup drive using a third party app, or just a simple data drive?
You omitted a lot of critical information such as:
- Exact model of the computer and version of macOS being used. You can get this information by clicking the Apple menu & selecting "About This Mac".
- Exact make & model of the external drive....a direct link to the product page is best
- File system being used on the external drive
- Age of the drive
- How the drive is connected to the computer
FYI, anti-virus apps, cleaning/optimizer apps, and third party security software can easily cause problems. If you are using any of these types of apps, then uninstall them by following the developers' instructions since these types of apps are not needed on a Mac.