>>Adding additional verification
A card issuer can decide whether a credit or debit card requires additional verification. Depending on what’s offered by the card issuer, the user may be able to choose between different options for additional verification, such as a text message, email, customer service call or a method in an approved third-party app to complete the verification. For text messages or email, the user selects from contact information the issuer has on file.
A code is sent, which must be entered into Apple Wallet, Settings or the Apple Watch
app. For customer service or verification using an app, the issuer performs their own communication process.<<
Card provisioning security overview - Apple Support
Your bank sends the text. There literally is nothing Apple can do. You must contact the support team at the bank and review your account details. In most cases this is not something that can be done online and involves you talking to a support team member. Banks are responsible for any fraud on your account and banks will want to be absolutely positive you’re you and not a scammer.
Sorry, I wish there was more we could do, but there literally is nothing we can do. Apple can’t intercede either, they have no standing to change a number and do not have access to your account information or your personal information on file at the bank.