I don't see any of the usual culprits in the EtreCheck report. At the time you ran the EtreCheck report, your memory usage was fine even with the 8GB of RAM, but your laptop had only been running an hour so it may not be an accurate accounting unless you encountered the slowness since that last reboot.
Try disconnecting all external devices from the laptop in case one of them is causing a problem.
These 2018-2020 MBAirs with the Intel CPUs are not very good systems since they have an extremely poor cooling system. I suspect you may have a bad Logic Board, but it is hard to say for sure. The best way to confirm it would be to do the following:
- Disconnect all external devices
- Perform an SMC Reset (read the instructions carefully since the process is a bit different for this laptop)
- Perform a PRAM Reset (hold the PRAM Reset for two chime if possible, but these USB-C Macs don't always allow it)
- Perform a DFU firmware Revive to reset the T2 security chip & system firmware
- Perform a clean install of macOS by first erasing the entire physical SSD followed by reinstalling macOS. Do NOT restore/migrate from a backup, do NOT install any apps, and do NOT sign into your AppleID or iCloud. Within Disk Utility you will need to click "View" and select "Show All Devices" before the physical SSD appears on the left pane of Disk Utility. Erase the physical SSD as GUID partition and APFS (top option).
Test the system thoroughly under these conditions to see how it behaves. If you have no issues, then install MS Edge & test some more. If the issue only starts after installing MS Edge, then that may be the problem, otherwise if you encounter the issue under those conditions, then you have confirmed a hardware issue. Personally I don't recommend repairing any USB-C Intel Mac for multiple reasons.....the money spent on repairs is better put towards a replacement laptop.
FYI, web browsing is not a simple task....it can be a very system intensive task due to all the junk many websites load into a browser tab/window. Try comparing your browsing results with Safari and Firefox.
Try running the Apple Diagnostics to see if any hardware issues are detected. I doubt it will detect any problems.....it rarely does, but it never hurts to try.