How do I view items via iCloud?

Your first link is not useful and does not show any Items.

I eventually found this on the second link Find your lost Apple device or AirTag with Find My - Apple Support it was in a light grey smaller font sub note.

Use Find Devices on iCloud.com

You can find your device, mark it as lost, or erase it remotely at iCloud.com/find.

• When you sign in, you might be asked to enter a verification code sent to a trusted device. If you lost your only trusted device or otherwise can't get the code, select the Find Devices button instead of entering a code.
• When you're using iCloud.com/find, you can't find your device's location if it's powered off, the battery has run out, or more than 24 hours has passed since its last location was sent to Apple.
• If you have Stolen Device Protection turned on for your iPhone and you use it to change your Apple ID password while in an unfamiliar location, the location of your devices may not be visible at iCloud.com/find.

Learn more about Find Devices on iCloud.com

AirTag and Find My network accessories can be found only with the Find My app on iPhone, iPad, and Mac, or the Find Items app on Apple Watch.

Your response was not very helpful, because you cannot use iCloud/find to see Items.

If I'm traveling with my laptop and lose my luggage or keys, I cannot find them until I go home and use my iPhone or iPad.

One additional limitation that I noticed with iCloud/Find on the web. Though it says Find My Devices, it does not show all of them. My Apple Pencil for my iPad is not listed, though it is shown as a device on my iPad and iPhone.

During my search I did find that the limitation of Items on iCloud was noticed in 2021 when Air-Tags were introduced. Why hasn't Apple addressed this support issue (for their own product) after three years, the main purpose of an Air-Tag is to be able to find them when you lose them.