It may not be exactly what you are looking for but you can lock a note and if you are using iCloud+ and have Advanced Data Protection turned on they are encrypted:
Lock your notes on Mac
If you use iCloud notes or notes stored on your Mac, you can lock notes you want to keep private, so only people who know the password can view them. You can use the login password for your Mac to lock and unlock notes, or create a custom password. If your Mac or Magic Keyboard has Touch ID, you can also choose to use that option to unlock your notes.
WARNING: If you forget your custom password and can’t unlock your notes with Touch ID on your Mac or Magic Keyboard, you can’t view your locked notes. Apple can’t help you regain access to those locked notes, although you can create a new password that lets you password-protect any notes that you want to lock going forward. See Change your password for locked notes.
When you unlock locked notes, the lock icon next to the notes and in the toolbar appears unlocked . When you close all locked notes, the lock icon appears closed .
Advanced Data Protection
iCloud encrypts your data to keep it secure. Advanced Data Protection uses end-to-end encryption to ensure that the iCloud data types listed here can only be decrypted on your trusted devices, protecting your information even in the case of a data breach in the cloud. See how your data is managed...
Because Apple does not have the keys required to recover your data, only your account recovery methods can help you get your data back if you lose access.