Is MacBook Air 15 M3 24GB faster than MacBook Pro M2 16GB with Photoshop?

Probably not much difference at all with Photoshop. An M2 Max will be as good or better on benchmark tests than the base M3. The base M3 will be better than the base M2 on those tests.

On processor intensive tasks (Photoshop isn’t, but RAW image batch conversion is), the Pro is a better choice because of the fan cooling that the Air doesn’t have.

Make sure you update DxO, there was an issue a while back where it wasn’t using the Apple Silicon GPU, an update fixed that.

Deep Prime XD will take a while, but with standard NR even my 2019 Intel i9 can do 5 pics in under a minute.

RAW conversion is processor intensive, not RAM intensive, the Pro is a better choice for that. I shoot a lot of action in low light, so I’m often in the ISO 6400-25600 range and using Deep Prime. For that reason, my next Mac will be a MacBook Pro, likely with the Max processor flavor.

At what tasks is your current Mac not sufficiently fast?

idk