Can I connect old Cannon MP280 to my MacBook Air?

Obviously, the first step is to connect the printer using a cable with appropriate connecters. Then you can try using the latest print driver for that printer. Sometimes an older driver will work. If not, visit the site in the link below where volunteers write drivers for older non-supported printers. You may find one there that will work

Gutenprint Supported Printers

Canon lists current driver updates released recently here:

https://www.usa.canon.com/support/p/pixma-mp280

That would seem to provide compatibility with your MBA, though since I don't have that printer myself I of course can't confirm.

Regards.