i cannot recover my apple account through my broken iphone 12pro

You say “recover” AND “broken phone.”

Presumably, you’re attempting to access your AppleID from another (or replacement) device and need your 6-digit AppleID 2FA verification code.

Generally this is where you would use one of your pre-configured Trusted Numbers.

If so, see your normal, as-designed “Apple options” here:

Get a verification code and sign in with two-factor authentication - Apple Support

If you inadvertently set your now-broken phone as your ONLY Trusted Number (a poor practice for now-obvious reasons); you can move your nanoSIM or eSIM to an already operating device so as to receive the code via SMS (although assistance from your carrier may be required to effect the SIM move).

Once you get your current predicament sorted-out, suggest reviewing the following article in some detail so as to be better prepared for account recovery “the next time.”

Two-factor authentication for Apple Account - Apple Support

Best of luck. Happy holidays.