As long as you're talking about USB protocol, at speeds of 10 Gbps (USB 3.1 Gen 2 speed) or less, it's easy to go from one type of USB connector to another.
There are various ways to go from USB-A to USB-C (including the Apple USB-C to USB Adapter, simple powered USB-A hubs that plug in via USB-C, USB-C hubs/docks with USB-A ports, and high-end Thunderbolt docks with USB-A ports).
You can also get cables that go straight from USB 2.0 B to USB-C, or from USB 3.0 B to USB-C. (With USB-B, the 2.0 and 3.0 connectors have different shapes even before you consider Mini and Micro variants. USB 3.0 B uses a double-decker connector that has an extra section tacked onto the old USB 2.0 B one.)
The bigger issue with your FocusRite Scarlett 2i2 2nd generation audio interface will be whether there is software that lets a modern Mac take advantage of it. You may want to check the FocusRite site and the sites of the digital audio workstation software you use to see if they will work on an Apple Silicon Mac and on macOS 15.* (Sequoia).