The best thing you can do is to not be clicking any links or interacting from unknown senders in general. Though it will not give the scammers your personal information. Scammers also sometimes use engagement to see if your number is active or not, then sending you even more scam attempts. Ignore those and block them.
I also couldn’t help but notice your iPhone 11 is still on iOS 17, you should be updated to the latest iOS 18.3.1 as keeping up-to-date provides the latest security updates. In fact iOS 18.3 patched 29 security vulnerabilities to be exact, plus another big one in the .1.