I keep having kernel panics

That fault is usually either failing storage hardware, or maybe failing low-level software.

The PCI link dropping usually means the storage is failing.

See what DriveDx reports for the storage, and maybe also Apple Diagnostics, though Apple Diagnostics are not good at detecting transient errors.

If DriveDx reports issues, and if you want to spend, and if the model is right, some MacBook Pro 13” 2027 models (without touch bar) can have the SSD replaced:

https://eshop.macsales.com/shop/ssd/owc/macbook-pro-13-inch-non-touch-bar/2016-2017

(Yours is MacBookPro14,1, which is a model without Touch Bar, so probably a replaceable SSD.)

SSD replacement might not fix this.

As with the reply above, you may have bought somebody else’s failure. And that model seems to have somewhat more common SSD failures.

You have a failing SSD and a MBPro 2016/2017 non-touchbar model. The SSDs in that model have an extremely high rate of failure and will usually show the issue when powering on the laptop or waking from sleep. It is an issue with the SSD's controller so the DriveDx health report is not going to show any issues with the SSD because the SSD's controller has no health monitoring.

I hope you have a good backup since that SSD is going to fail completely without any more warning.....you've already been given the warning.

FYI, I don't recommend spending any money on repairs to any of the 2016-2020 Intel Macs with USB-C ports for multiple reasons. The money spent on repairs is better put towards a new laptop.

attillius wrote:

I have a 2017 intel-based macbook pro.

...

I've had this laptop for like a year

Never buy a used Macintosh. They have a relatively high resale value, so people are more likely to try to resell a broken one than throwing it away as they should. You'll need to buy a new computer. If you didn't already have a Time Machine backup, you need to start that now.