Macbook pro fans spin at max almost all the time

Are you running an external monitor?

Fans are thermostatically controlled by sensors in various parts of the logic board. If a temp sensor fails, the system kicks the fans to full power to avoid overheating due to a non-detect condition from a sensor. That may be what you are hearing. Likewise, on a two-fan system like yours, if one fan fails, the system senses that and sets the other fan to 100% to compensate.

Yes, you need Apple to evaluate but, before taking it, run Apple Diagnostics, AD does good job of spotting sensor or fan issues. See:

Use Apple Diagnostics to test your Mac - Apple Support

At the bottom of that article is a link to another that translates any error codes into "almost plain" language.

Tvoet wrote:

• For almost 3 weeks now my macbook pro (14-inch, 2023, M2 pro) has been turning on its fans to max almost all the time. Once I start up my macbook (cold...), the fans go to max spin. If I don't control the fans using a 3rd party app they will run at max speed all day.

What I've tried so far but didn't help:

restarting/ shutting down for a long time

• reinstalling the latest update (Sequoia 15.3.1)

• checking activity monitor for unusually high CPU/memory usage (nothing unusual)

I don't think dust is an issue either since the macbook in pretty new and I don't work in dusty environments.

unplug all non-essential peripherals when testing

Uninstall all third party apps that are Cleaners/Optimizers/VPN/Anti-Virus

all known to cause issues on the macOS

To trouble shoot further you can:

—A SafeBoot Start up your Mac in safe mode - Apple Support will sort many anomalies

Does a quick disk repair before it fully boots up, and certain system caches get cleared and rebuilt, third party system modifications and system accelerations are disabled temporarily.

Login and test. Reboot as normal and test. Caches get rebuilt automatically.

This test will tell you if third party interference; most extensions etc are not loaded in safe boot mode.

—Test issue in another user (or guest user) account Change Users & Groups settings on Mac - Apple Support

This will tell you if it a universal issue or isolated to your user/admin account. 

***wireless keyboard with rechargeable batteries— connect the charging cable, this will make the wired keyboard successful Safe Boot your Mac.

Tvoet wrote:

• For almost 3 weeks now my macbook pro (14-inch, 2023, M2 pro) has been turning on its fans to max almost all the time.

There is a serious hardware problem with your computer.

If I don't control the fans using a 3rd party app they will run at max speed all day.

That will physically destroy your computer.

You should take the computer to an Apple Store or Authorized Service provider.