Will restoring iPhone in recovery mode permanently disable Activation Lock?

Hi,

With Activation Lock, if I were to restore my phone via recovery mode, and then put in my iCloud details/previous phone passcode at the Activation lock screen, does it permanently remove Activation lock or just temporarily bypass it?

Furthermore, if I were to log in with a different Apple ID after that could I enable Find My iPhone?

I'm worried about a potential vulnerability if my phone gets stolen and the thief knows my passcode, I have already enabled stolen device protection.

Thanks!

[Re-Titled by Moderator]