How to resolve iCloud passcode issues on MacBook Pro?

My MacBook Pro is asking to "update apple id settings" when I press "continue" I have to enter my icloud password which I input, but after it wants my iPhone passcode, but when i enter it, it does not recognize it. Even though I can unlock my iPhone with this passcode.

I have tried resetting my passcode on my iPhone and it still does not work, after four attempts it says to "erase encrypted data"

how do I resolve this issue, cause I know my passcode is correct and I'm using it for my iPhone

[Re-Titled by Moderator]