What is the best option for Photos backup on Mac mini?

Hi. Iv just bought my first Mac having used PC for over 20 years, and last year bought my first iPhone.


Im hoping for a little help with how to backup 150GB worth of family photos (15 years worth). I currently have my photos all in OneDrive, and on windows i used to use robocopy command to create a copy of the OneDrive files to an external drive for backup. The command was setup to maintain one copy, but for each backup it would only update new or changed files. It would ignore files that are in the destination but not in the original (incase it had been deleted by mistake) and if anything had gone missing from the destination then it would replace it from the original. This meant that it was a robust, current backup with little risk of anything being lost.


Now that I am on Mac I need to figure out a good way to backup as if i lost access to my OneDrive id lose a lot.


i have set OneDrive to keep files locally at the minute but id prefer not to because of the space it takes up. And I realise if it was deleted anywhere they would be lost anyway so its not robust as a backup. I was looking to see if I could easily backup OneDrive to iCloud or photos but this doesn’t seem easy at all, with files incompatible. I’m currently having a trial of acronis, which seems good but whilst it does incremental backup when you look at the backup it only takes what currently is, and you have to go through the history to find differences. But with so many photos I wouldn’t possibly know if anything had been mistakenly deleted. Hence for me, one backup that works how my robocopy function worked would be ideal.


Does anybody know of the best way to do that backups to keep them simple and minimise risk of loss? Ideally I’d like to backup to an external drive and then maybe a separate cloud based storage. iCloud would be the obvious choice.


thanks


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Mac mini, macOS 15.5

Posted on May 23, 2025 9:36 AM

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6 replies

May 23, 2025 9:49 AM in response to Chris_H_25

On Macs, the best and simplest system is Time Machine, which is built into the Mac. Frankly, it's brilliant. See this:

Back up your Mac with Time Machine - Apple Support


It makes incremental backups automatically:

"Time Machine automatically makes hourly backups for the past 24 hours, daily backups for the past month, and weekly backups for all previous months. The oldest backups are deleted when your backup disk is full."


It backs up only changes, so it's fast, but it integrates them seamlessly into the system. When it's time to restore, you see this:

showing all the contents of your Mac back through time.


You can choose to include, or not, external drives. It won't back up stuff that is not hardwired, like One Drive.

May 23, 2025 10:27 AM in response to Chris_H_25

Chris_H_25 wrote: … I assume I should be able to backup OneDrive files i

If it's on the Mac, it gets backed up. You do have the option of excluding certain folders, and you opt-in for volumes.

How does the timeline of backups work?

You look into Time Machine, pick a date, and you see your computer exactly as it was on that date. You can navigate through the computer to any folder, and you see and can restore any file that was there on that date, as it was on that date. You can restore files, or folders, or packages as you like. You can restore the entire machine.



May 23, 2025 12:00 PM in response to Richard.Taylor

Haha I understand your confusion, it’s hard to explain but it’s caught me out before.


let’s say I have backup 1 with 10,000 files, backup 2 with 12,000 files and backup 3 with 14,000 files. What if backup 2 and 3 had a handful of photos missing that were in backup 1… but as there are so many files accessed not very often, I wasn’t aware that those files were no longer in the latest backups. If I lost access to my OneDrive or needed to restore for any reason, how would I know which backup to use or where to look for any missing files? I’d essentially restore from backup 3 without knowing a handful of important pictures were missing from it. And eventually, backup 1 would be removed for space, without the later backups having those missing files.


provided ChatGPT is correct, it looks like I can run an rclone script connected to OneDrive via API that will sync to an external drive without even needing the files to be stored locally on the MAC… this would be ideal if correct. This would be a cumulative, non destructive backup maintaining the one backup file that would be used as the one source of truth. It seems this would work the same as robocopy on windows, IF ChatGPT is correct :-)


thanks

May 23, 2025 10:07 AM in response to Richard.Taylor

Thanks for the response. I assume I should be able to backup OneDrive files if they are set to store locally? Backblaze wouldn’t see them but acronis does.


How does the timeline of backups work? Could it end up being that the backups are Mia-match with some files missing in each and is there a tool to compare them?


what’s happened to us in the past is that we have backed up photos over the years but because we don’t look at them all the time we haven’t realised they’ve been accidentally deleted from source, therefore whilst they were in older backups, they weren’t in newer and we weren’t aware. They’ve then been lost. With lots of pictures over so many years it’s not easy to know what’s been lost until it’s too late (even with historic backups). Ideally I’d like a backup solution where your latest backup includes data from all previous backups, plus new/ changed data. But if previously backed up data is no longer on the new backup, it still retains it in the backup because it’s already there. This is what I was able to achieve with robocopy on windows but I’m not coming across anything that does this on Mac.


I don’t want to fall into the trap again where the latest backup on Time Machine does not include a file as it’s been deleted, but I’m not aware it’s no longer there… if that makes sense? You can only restore something from previous backups if you know it’s gone missing.


Thanks

May 23, 2025 10:39 AM in response to Richard.Taylor

Thanks.


im not sure Time Machine is what I’m after then. I want to ensure that tens of thousands of photos are kept secure without risk of losing. But if it goes missing in latest backups I won’t be necessarily aware to go looking back in old ones.


From research I think Rsync will probably be my best bet then. As I said, with Robocopy I was able to have one single backup and then each time I run a backup it is amended to include new and changed files BUT keep any files that are no longer in the source. I think with a large dataset this is the only way to ensure nothing slips through the gaps, as it has before.


Thanks

May 23, 2025 11:38 AM in response to Chris_H_25

Chris_H_25 wrote: … each time I run a backup it is amended to include new and changed files BUT keep any files that are no longer in the source.

I don't get how "You can navigate through the computer to any folder, and you see and can restore any file that was there on that date, as it was on that date" doesn't do that. But, of course, I don't have to.

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What is the best option for Photos backup on Mac mini?

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