Yep, you have 3 of the top ten apps that are draining your battery:
https://www.the-sun.com/tech/8610530/popular-apps-drain-phone-battery-life-facebook-threads/
The apps noted with Background Activity and Background Location are using your battery even when you are not using the app. For your Social Media apps, your battery is being used to build your Social Graph that is based on many factors including Shares, Likes, Posts, Contacts, and even the same data from other users you have interacted with. Your phone is also using much more Cellular/Wifi power to transmit this data back and forth to the developers servers. Of course, the apps are free for you to use, but their substantial revenue comes from this data they have gathered on you to sell to advertisers.
Take Instagram for example and look on the Privacy Page in the App Store where they must disclose the information they are gathering.
- Contact Info used to track you
- Identifiers used to track you
- Health & Fitness
- Financial Info
- User Content
- Browsing History
- Usage Data
- Purchases
- Location
- Contacts
- Search History
- Sensitive Info
Yes, that is quite a list. Multiply the power required by 3 for those apps you see there and it is clear you are needing to charge your phone frequently. Each users Social Graph is much different which is why you see different battery usage across users and it depends on how much data they have to work with. I suspect you are a heavy user of Social Media and are quite active with friends, posts, likes, and shares and content. Even if you do not physically like/share a post, you are still contributing to your Social Graph simply by watching a TikTok or viewing an Instagram post.
As for what you can do about it, the truth is there is not much without deleting the app. The developer can certainly reduce the apps battery usage, but there is no incentive for them to do that as you are not paying them for using their service, but you do pay them with your data. Apple can show you the apps that are using your battery, so you can make an informed decision. Beyond that the apps are not violating any of the Submission Guidelines where they could pull the app, and I suspect you could imagine the uproar by users if they did do that.