<< can I ask to exchange it in another country >>
You have only 14 days from receipt for a full-value return/exchange, and that is limited to items in the SAME country as purchase, and only for items purchased DIRECT from Apple, not from a Reseller of any description.
All others will be treated as a Repair. These can generally be repaired under warranty by any Apple-owned store world-wide. (Provided the defect is a warranty-covered item -- otherwise you will be responsible for the cost of repair.)
Repair Coverage by Apple Authorized Resellers is MUCH more variable. Often, timely parts availability for Resellers is a Big Issue. If your repair involves a specific keyboard-containing assembly such as a battery replacement, that may not be available in another country.
EDIT: I now see both opinions posted.
You would do well to inquire at the service location you are considering for a definitive ruling.