I also suspect the battery hogging feature of 5g is what you are experiencing as you did not have it on your iPhone 11. You will get a speed improvement in cellular data transfers with 5g, but the range is quite a bit shorter requiring much more power to maintain a connection, especially when in a fringe area. Turn it off and compare your results.
Post the battery graph at Settings > Battery along with the top 5 apps that are consuming your battery and we may be able to provide additional information. The graph that is important here is the green one and it is best when viewed with the last 24 hour option.