Location Sharing requires your consent. If the location is shared in Find My, you can see the people that you are sharing your location by launching the Find My app, or go to Settings > Privacy & Security > Location Services > Share My Location.
Third party apps may also share your location after you have given them permission, for example WhatsApp has a Live Tracking feature that will share your location with another person. You can view which apps are using your location at Settings > Privacy & Security > Location Services. Any app listed there has previously asked you to use your location and you had granted access.
If you allow sending your location to one person, there is nothing stopping them from sending a screenshot of that location to anyone else.
If someone knows your Apple Account password, they can view your location. With two factor authentication turned on, they would need a verification code sent to your device if not previously signed into your account. If you share your Apple Account with another person, they can view all devices on that account that have Find My turned on.
For a comprehensive look at the data that is being shared, you can use Safety Check. If you have deleted any of the installed apps that Safety Check uses to gather sharing information such as Home, Fitness, Health, etc, you will see a message that it cannot continue.
Safety Check for an iPhone with iOS 16 or later - Apple Support