Will restoring from backup transfer malware to a new iPhone 17?

I don't know whether or not my phone has any malware on it. But, as a concerned technologist, I am always seeking to eliminate this risk. I've read about the new iPhone 17 security capabilities (e.g., MIE) which has made me wonder how to plan my migration from a previous generation iPhone.

So my question is if I restore from backup to a new iPhone 17, would that carry over any existing malware to the new device? If so, should I set up the phone as a new Phone and then just download apps, photos, Spotify media, etc.?

[Re-Titled by Moderator]

Original Title: Malware transplant via provision new iPhone from backup