Check the Recently Deleted "folder" in the sidebar.
If not there, check on iCloud.com, Recently Deleted.
If those do not have the notes, I think you have to restore the container folder for Notes.
It is in ~/Library/Containers. There are several "Notes" folders, and there is a com.apple.notes.datastore folder. One of the Notes folders is actually named com.apple.notes. You can see the name if you Get Info on it in Finder. If it is sorted by Name, then the first one is "com.apple.notes." I think that is the only one of the three that needs to be restored, but restoring the rest probably wouldn't matter.
I don't know which ones actually have the data, or even if it will repopulate your notes. Some web searches might help identify which ones have your data. I have no way to test it to figure it out.