To count stairs climbed, the Apple Watch combines data from its barometer (for atmospheric pressure) and accelerometer, which senses motion. Without the accelerometer, any change in elevation (like an elevator) would be interpreted as stairs. It counts about 10 feet elevation gain as one flight of stairs.
When you get the anomalous readings, do they occur during changing weather conditions? For instance if the air pressure goes down (clouds or rain moving in) the watch, not knowing about the weather, might think you just went up a couple of flights stairs. But 22 flights of stairs seems like a lot!