Apple Call Screening does not block text messages.
Basically Apple and my carrier do not have good solutions. I wouldn't even call it SPAM control.
Yeah, sure, there are a few people saying that there's a setting on the iPhone that silences unknown numbers when they call. I currently use this but this isn't blocking and this doesn't prevent text messages coming through. Apple doesn't have any SPAM control - if you ask me. Apple does (currently) allow the user to create block lists that are tens of thousands long (at least on my iPhone 7 Plus). This absolutely works. Try it!
Blocking is the best available solution today. Period. Everything else offered is a janky afterthought and basically half-baked or doesn't work at all.
My carrier, Verizon, has a "free" SPAM tool - you can block up to 5 numbers. What an absolute joke. On average I block 12 number per day (yes, PER DAY) - that ads up to about 4,400 per year that I add to my block list. Verizon offers a pay version of their SPAM tool and allows you to block up to 20 numbers. This is just insulting. Verizon has an extremely dysfunctional app that was absolutely issueless.
Now what would actually work and would be extremely easy to implement is reverse blocking and only allow numbers on a white list call you.
This would be trivial to implement and would be rock-solid. Why isn't this offered?
At times I wonder if they just want you to have thousands of SPAM messages.
I stopped using my phone 6 years ago. The only reason I pay for SPAM (I mean pay for a cell phone) is a need for multi factor authentication. It seems that in today's world a phone capable of running modern apps has become a necessity - just like owning a car tends to be the only realistic solution.