Those domains (2mdn.net, celtra.com, flashtalking.com, etc.) are advertising and ad-delivery networks that Safari stores cache data for when they're called by websites you visit — even though you never directly visited those sites yourself. This is why they persist: they keep getting re-added whenever you browse websites that use these ad networks.
Here's how to fully clear them and prevent re-accumulation:
1. Do a deeper Safari data clear:
- Safari menu > Settings > Privacy > Manage Website Data
- In the search field, type each domain name (e.g., "celtra") and delete individually
- Then click "Remove All" at the bottom to clear everything
2. If they reappear, they're being rebuilt by websites you visit. To stop this:
- Safari Settings > Privacy > enable "Prevent cross-site tracking" (should already be on)
- Also enable "Hide IP address from trackers"
3. For a more thorough clean, clear all Safari data from System Settings:
- System Settings > Privacy & Security > Safari > Clear History and Website Data
4. To prevent these domains from appearing in the future:
- Consider installing a content blocker extension like AdGuard or 1Blocker from the Mac App Store
- These block requests to known ad/tracking domains before they even load, so their cache won't accumulate
Note: The domains you listed are legitimate ad infrastructure companies (not malware), so their presence doesn't indicate an infection. They're simply third-party trackers embedded in regular websites you've visited. Enabling "Prevent cross-site tracking" is the most effective built-in way to minimize this.