Hey MacAppie,
Before booting into Single User Mode, go to terminal and do:
+defaults read /Library/Preferences/com.apple.preferences.accounts+
Scroll up in the terminal buffer and copy and paste the entire output of the command into a textedit doc. You will then have all of the short names of your deleted users. If there are any you DON'T want to restore, you need to make a note of that and not do so, although you could always delete them later.
Then when you boot into Single User Mode and get to Step 5, you sequentially put in:
+xar -xf dslocal-backup.xar dslocal/nodes/Default/users/bjones.plist+
+xar -xf dslocal-backup.xar dslocal/nodes/Default/users/rsmith.plist+
+xar -xf dslocal-backup.xar dslocal/nodes/Default/users/andsoforth.plist+
+xar -xf dslocal-backup.xar dslocal/nodes/Default/users/fortherestofyourusers.plist+
+xar -xf dslocal-backup.xar dslocal/nodes/Default/users/yougettheidea.plist+
Once you've done a line for each of your users, then do the single command:
+xar -xf shadow-backup.xar+
Then for Step 6 there is a typo (you need ".plist" at the end):
+rm /Library/Preferences/com.apple.preferences.accounts.plist+
llude is the MAN (or WOMAN)! Upon finding my webserver local DS completely empty (short of the Unix accounts like root) this morning, I was ready to sell my 10.6.6 final-gen Xserve on eBay and buy a Dell with Server 2008 R2. Thanks to llude, Apple has kept me as a customer for a while longer! In my case, it did it out of NOWHERE. I ran a 10.6.6 update weeks ago and last night added a user to my perfectly fine local DS and came in this morning to find my local DS EMPTY. I could see in the log the xardirectory errors where it deleted all the "external" accounts. I hope this bug has been fixed in 10.6.7, although I will wait until April 21st to install 10.6.7. After the major bug in 10.4.7 (if I recall) that took two weeks to fix, I always wait a month before installing the major updates.
Thanks llude...you truly rock! You saved my Friday!