Like everyone else here, this has been bothering me for a long time, and like everyone else, I have tried all the combinations of re-installing, using separate power sources, visiting the Genius bar, covering my light sensor with tape and turning off auto-adjust, disabling graphics switching, etc. etc. all to no avail. I tried another Mac and had no trouble with the monitor, and tried another nearly identical display with my MBP and saw the flickering, so my guess is that the problem is somewhere in the MBP (or at least in the combo of the MBP and the Cinema display). In the end, I suspected I was doomed to just a new MacBook, and was upset enough to shop around for a nice Linux laptop at half the cost and a new display.
Then I came up with a fairly technical, but effective solution. In the daytime, I can often turn the brightness up enough so that the problem goes away. On cloudy days or in the evening, however, I use GeekTool.
I set up a Geeklet to display a black image at 50% opacity over the whole screen, and chose "Keep on top." This effectively darkens the screen, and allows me to turn up the brightness to over six bars even in the dark without burning my retinas. Of course it's a bit of a hassle when I switch resolutions and such, and some of the contextual menus are still a little bright, but it beats flickering/quavering by a country mile. If anyone is interested I can try and provide a writeup, but you would need to be a terminal junkie or advanced user to get it to work. Maybe someone can make an app to do the same thing - I bet we'd all pay a couple bucks for that :-)