Philly_Phan wrote:
Out of intellectual curiosity...
1. Can an iTunes backup be made on a different computer? If "yes," does it have to be the same (unknown) password or can a new password be used?
Yes. The backup password will be the same, and cannot be entered again or changed without the original password. the phone "knows" that the backup is encrypted, and knows the encryption key (derived from the password).
2. If the user can locate and delete the backup file on the computer, can a new backup be made? Same (unknown) password required?
If you delete a backup the next backup will still be encrypted with the original password.
When you first create an encrypted backup you enter a password (twice). This password is used to generate an encryption key, which is stored on the phone. The password is not stored. All backups of the phone from that point on will be encrypted with the generated encryption key, regardless of where the backup is stored. Same computer, same computer that has no backups (because they were deleted), or a different computer.
When you restore a backup you enter a password, which is then encrypted (more correctly, hashed). This results in the encryption key, which can then be used to decrypt the backup. Very elegant approach.