Hi Steve,
Here's what Promise said about the problem: (complete and exact quote yesterday) "I do not know what the problem is".
Update: Finally...
At least for the Promise Pegasus R4... but I noticed on other threads that WD drives are also acting up too so this might work with them too.
I turned off Time Machine, and deleted that pesky .plist file, again. I unplugged the R4, power and thunderbolt, then played whack the gopher with the drives swapping them around randomly. I reintalled Mavericks from a fresh download, yet again, then set Time Machine to backup on a fast USB 3TB drive (which it did in 6 hours or so). Then I turned off Time Machine, deleleted that .plist file again, rebooted the iMac, plugged in the R4, reformatted it again with Disk Utility, then hooked it to Time Machine, said a few slightly heretic prayers to whatever demons came with Maverick, and 2 minutes later Time Machine started to backup and report 1 hour to complete... the hour isn't up yet, but I'm crossing everything I have 2 of...
Another update (Oct 31st):
OK, the first-pass Time Machine backup worked, but it FAILED again on the first incremental. No useful error message: just 'Time Machine cannot use Pegasus..." no file error warning, nothing useful. The Pegasus won't eject, OS says it is still in use.
SORRY APPLE: there is definitely something screwy between Maverick, Time Machine, and the Promise Pegasus R4.