I am mistaken, I used Audiobook BUILDER, and Splasm is the developer. I only have v 1.5.3 and see no reference to being able to make a .m4p file. You responded to Tyler's comment about the .m4b, so I assumed that was the format you were having problems with. I was not impressed with v 1.5.3 and it has not been updated since 2011.
Apple may have called it chapter, but I still find most are confused by that name, and we can choose to use a better description.
I had not heard of a .m4p before so I looked it up and found, "A file with the M4P file extension is an iTunes Audio file." So I hope that iTunes would show them. And if you are making .m4p files, iTunes will do the job, only it will not combine the smaller segments to chapter size segments.
I agree, I have seen 300 or more recording segments, of less than 3 minutes, for a 8 to 10 hour book, and that is a lot of segments to deal with, especially if they sync to an iDevice as individual items, rather than something resembling a book chapter or CD size segment of a book. But the computers are the ones dealing with the segments.
And I agree that before iOS 7, these smaller portions were handled better.
But I still think some of your issues before iOS 7 and now, are caused by how the books were encoded by Audiobook BUILDER and the publisher. Assuming you are talking about commercially published books.
I have a library of about 700 books, with only one converted by Audiobook BUILDER, that I can think of. All of my books have shown their segments fine until iOS 7. Only since installing iOS 7 have the segments not shown. So I think your issues before iOS 7 are related to Audiobook BUILDER.
Your English is much better than my total lack of Dutch, so I am hesitant to point out that the Dutch "titels", is "titles" in English.
But our discssion here is reminding me of the quote, "Insanity: doing the same thing over and over again and expecting different results." by Albert Einstein. I have no solution for you. I have only tried to point out another possible reason for your proble here. I doubt I will continue with this discussion.