Same problem.
Since last version 6.01 I can not backup in my PC (windows 7 with itunes 11.0.1 (12)), not having problems with iPad. Probably the problem is not in the PC.
I tested:
Uninstall iTunes
Reinstall iTunes
Change 3 usb cables
Change usb ports (front, rear) (one, another)
Cable direct to usb without hubs
On and off WIFI in iPhone and network
Rebooting iphone and PC without antivirus
Runing itunes with the safe mode
I deleted the backup folder
I can not perform a backup in iCloud
I can not perform the backup under WIFI. This exclude a problem with drivers usb, cable and ports.
Itunes shows a backup one month earlier that does not exist in teh backup folder (????)
I tried to backup in a new Macbook Pro with last soft Leopard and itunes, without success. I can synchronize. Probably the problem is not in the Macbook.
Then the problem seems to be in the iphone (iOS 6.01) or itunes. Both Apple's responsability
I think Apple has to resolve definetively this problem. I initiated with Apple several months ago, thinking this world was "different"
Many thanks, and any solution would be appreciated