Hi There, I had the same noise, related to screen brightness. It was an unacceptable whine. I called up Apple Care and they suggested a repair at a local repair service, but they had no advise from Apple what to repair. It took me some weeks and discussions until they accepted to look at it. They exchanged the display inverter and the keyboard but noted on the documents that the whine is normal… “frustrating” I told the Apple guys. At home I switched on the MBP and… silence. I am using it now since a week and it seem to be ok. I think it is the part no. 612-0020 ASSY, INVERTED, NCC, MBPRO15 display inverter ASSY, which made the difference. Somebody from the Forum here gave me the idea to insist to get this part replaced, seem to work out.
Good luck..