icloud not keeping my computer's microsoft outlooks calendars current

All of Office,

Do you have other email accounts setup in Outlook?

Don't you normally backup? you will lose your data one day if you don't.

The folders (appdata) etc are hidden folders so you will have use the option to 'view hidden folders' which is somewhere in the folder options, not on the view menu.

The Outlook data file is called Outlook.pst (usually), back it up and back up all other Office data files as well (this is precautionary as removing and replacing the Office programs should not affect the data files, I stress the should)

The rest of your Office data files should be in My Documents if you have not changed the location